Phaner electromontis is a light gray species of fork-marked lemur. [9], Males have relatively small testes compared to other lemurs, and their canine teeth are the same size as those seen in females. Black lemur ... Gray mouse lemur. Because of their fast movement, individuals can easily defend their territories by traversing it within 5 minutes. Fork-marked lemurs either consume the gum as it seeps from cracks in the bark of parasitized trees or gouge open the bark with their toothcomb to scoop it up directly with their long tongue. [24] If correct, this would make the family Cheirogaleidae paraphyletic. [36] Unlike other lemurs, fork-marked lemurs do not scent-mark, and instead use vocalizations during territorial confrontations. [33], The genus is distinguished from other cheirogaleids by the toothrows on its maxilla (upper jaw), which are parallel and do not converge towards the front of the mouth. They are named for the two black stripes which run up from the eyes, converge on the top of the head, and run down the back as a single black stripe. Red Brown Lemur. Disclaimer: The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students.ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. [37][36][47] Multiple family groups may gather in these meeting areas, and females will often socialize with the other females and young. What does Fork-marked lemur mean? This photo was taken at the Analamazaotra Reserve in the Andasibe-Mantadia National Park, Madagascar. Tattersall (1982) reported head-body lengths ranging from 23–29 cm and tail lengths from 29–37 cm. dense trees in savannah areas . d'Ambre Fork-crowned Lemur in English Bibliographic References P. furcifer is a specialist feeder on the gum that exudes from insect holes on the surface of certain trees, but it supplements its gum diet with insect prey. German: Montagne d’ Ambre-Gabelstreifenmaki. [46] In areas where territory overlap occurs ("meeting areas"), several neighbors may gather and vocalize together without aggression. (unpubl.) Suborder: Strepsirrhini. [44], In 2012, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed P. parienti, P. electromontis, and P. pallescens as endangered,[4][5][3] and P. furcifer as vulnerable. Their populations are in decline due to habitat destruction. [42], At night, fork-marked lemurs visit the feeding sites within their range by running quadrupedally across branches[30] at high speed over long distances,[44] leaping from tree to tree without pausing. averaged 27.2 ±0.4 cm in head-body length; 34.4 ±0.2 cm in tail length, and 387 ±35 g in weight. The Sambirano fork-marked lemur is sympatric with several other nocturnal lemurs, including Microcebus, Cheirogaleus, and Lepilemur. As many as 30 sleeping sites may be used over the course of a year, each for a variable length of time. [48] They are considered very vocal animals, and have a complex range of calls. [30] Fork-marked lemurs are not found in the southern spiny forests in the dry southern part of the island, and only recently have been reported from the southeastern rainforest at Andohahela National Park, though this has not been confirmed. Category: Lemur. [45], Fork-marked lemurs are sensitive to light intensity,[44] and emerge at twilight, calling numerous times and answering their neighbors' calls before going off to forage. Anapol, F. and W.L. The pale fork-marked lemur is patchily distributed along a narrow strip of western Madagascar forests from just south of the Fiherenana River, including the Forêts de Mikea (Ganzhorn and Randriamanalina, 2004), north as far as Soalala (Groves and Tattersall, 1991), and it … By the 1970s, reference to dwarf and mouse lemurs had ended, and the "fork-crowned" prefix became popular between 1960 and 2001. The full resolution version of this lemurs chart is available at here.This table and chart was last updated on August 8, 2012, based on data downloaded from the IUCN Red List site. Like other cheirogaleids, their first lower premolar (P2) is caniniform and large, while the cingulids (ridges) on the three lower premolars are more developed compared to most other cheirogaleids. Females also make a "bleating" call when they have infants. Mittermeier, Rusell A., Anthony B. Rylands, and Don E. Wilson, eds. Red Ruffed Lemur. [6], The Masoala fork-marked lemur is found on the Masoala Peninsula in the northeast of the island,[38] while the Amber Mountain fork-marked lemur is located in the far north of the island, particularly at Amber Mountain National Park. 6. [27][30] The lemurs' ears are relatively large and membranous. [6] They have been seen on the ground (typically during chases following fights)[37][44] and as high as 10 m (33 ft), but they are typically seen running along branches at a height of 3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13.1 ft). (unpubl.) [35] The molars are relatively small compared to other cheirogaleids, with the second upper and lower molars (M2 and M2) having reduced functionality compared to those of mouse lemurs. [36][53] Older infants have not been observed clinging to the mother, and as they get older, they are parked in vegetation until they can move independently. also uncovered other names, such as "fork-lined lemur" and "squirrel lemur", during the early 1900s. ... Gray mouse lemur. Both patterns of sexual dimorphism are consistent with the theory of sexual selection for monogamous species and female dominance respectively. [30][32] They have a long tongue which assists obtaining the gum and nectar,[30][32] as well as a long caecum, which helps digest gums. Genus: Phaner. Fork-marked lemur Russell A. Mittermeier /Wikipedia. Family: Cheirogaleidae. [36] Females have two pairs of nipples. [21] One uniting characteristic (synapomorphy) among all cheirogaleids, to the exclusion of other lemurs, is the branching of the carotid artery along with how it enters the skull[22]—a trait which is shared by fork-marked lemurs. It is a small nocturnal animal with large eyes, greyish fur and a long tail. [8], The male and female are in frequent vocal communication throughout the night, but this species in unusual among nocturnal lemurs in not communicating through olfactory signals, and the urine and faeces are allowed to drop to the forest floor. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION Crowned lemur. [44], Fork-marked lemurs are thought to be preyed upon by large owls, such as the Madagascar owl (Asio madagascariensis), and snakes like the Malagasy tree boa (Sanzinia madagascariensis). [16][17], The etymology of the genus Phaner puzzled researchers for many years. In captivity, P. furcifer strongly favored preying mantises and moths of the family Sphingidae while ignoring grasshoppers, larva of the moth genus Coeloptera, and small reptiles. [36], Fork-marked lemurs are found in the west, north, and east of Madagascar, but their distribution is discontinuous. Scientific name Common name Classified Average size Conservation status References; Allocebus trichotis: Hairy-eared dwarf lemur: 1875, Günther: Microcebus : Mouse Lemurs ... Amber Mountain Fork-marked Lemur. Although enforcement is patchy, they are also protected under Malagasy law. Red-fronted lemur Verreaux's sifaka Red-tailed sportive lemur Western fat-tailed dwarf lemur Coquerel's dwarf lemur Gray mouse lemur Madame Berthe's mouse lemur Fork-marked lemur Fossa Narrow-striped mongoose White-breasted mesite Although French naturalist Alfred Grandidier accepted Gray's new genus (while also lumping the other cheirogaleids in Cheirogaleus and illustrating the cranial similarities between cheirogaleids and Lepilemur) in 1897,[11] the genus Phaner was not widely accepted. [6][30] Their procumbent (forward-facing) lemuriform toothcomb (formed by the lower incisors and canines) is long[32] and more compressed, with significantly reduced interdental spaces to minimize the accumulation of gum between the teeth. The collection grows regularly with specimens collected during scientific expeditions and animals from zoological parks (Zoo de Vincennes, Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes, Parc de la Haute-Touche) or care centers. In 2012, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed P. parienti, P. electromontis, and P. pallescens as endangered, and P. furcifer as vulnerable. Aye-aye. Family: Lemuridae. For a species profile, click on its scientific name. [37][30][43] Some of the abandoned nests they sleep in are leaf-lined, and fresh leaves are often added when young are born. In some … Phaner electromontis (Amber Mountain Fork Marked Lemur) is a species of primates in the family Cheirogaleidae. Common name English : Pariente's Fork-crowned Lemur, Pariente's Fork-marked Lemur, Sambirano Fork-marked Lemur, Pariente’s Fork-crowned Lemur Kotava : Bancekol It has become specialized for harvesting this substance. Scientific name: Common name Mirza coquereli: Coquerel’s giant mouse lemur: Mirza zaza: Northern giant mouse lemur: Phaner pallescens: Pale fork-marked lemur: Phaner parienti: Sambirano fork-marked lemur: Phaner electromontis: Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur: Lepilemur betsileo: Betsileo sportive lemur: Lepilemur microdon: Subscribe Latest Issues Menu. It occurs in moist lowland forests. The Masoala fork-marked lemur ( Phaner furcifer ), also known as the eastern fork-marked lemur or Masoala fork-crowned lemur, is a species of lemur found in the coastal forests of northeastern Madagascar. d'Ambre Fork-crowned Lemur Aye-aye. [18], Fork-marked lemurs were called "fork-marked dwarf lemurs" by Henry Ogg Forbes in 1894 and "fork-crowned mouse lemur" by English missionary and naturalist James Sibree in 1895. There are no published body measurements available for this species, but three animals from Montagne d’Ambre (one male and two females) measured by E. E. Louis Jr. Phaner Gray, 1870 – fork-marked lemurs : Direct Children: Species: Phaner electromontis Groves and Tattersall, 1991 – Montagne d'Ambre Fork-marked Lemur, Mt. Geoffroy's Dwarf Le... Gray mouse lemur. Cold temperatures can also cause individuals to retire to their sleeping site as early as two hours before dawn. A division of labor in muscles: Functinal comparison of medial gastrocneumius and soleus in Lemur and Loris. Hunting usually occurs later at night, following gum collection, and typically happens in the canopy or on tree trunks. [44] Their eye shine creates a unique pattern among lemurs because they tend to bob their heads up and down and from side to side. Scientific American is the essential guide to the most awe-inspiring advances in science and ... Eastern fork-marked lemur. purple = P. parienti[4] [44] During social grooming (allogrooming), the male allomarks females using a scent gland on the throat,[51] and grooming sessions can last several minutes. [44] Although fork-marked lemurs have widely varied forest habitat, gum and other plant exudates of other species are likely to dominate their diet. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar . American Journal of Physical Anthropology 57:166-167 (abstract). Its body plus head length measures 23 to 29 cm, and the tail is 29 to 36 cm long. If shown to be a new species, they plan to name it after Fanamby, a key conservation organization working in that protected forest. Females have a narrow, bare patch of white skin in the same location, but theirs does not appear to produce secretions. [23] Broad agreement between two lemur phylogeny studies—one in 2004 using SINE analysis and another in 2012 using multilocus phylogenetic tests—gave strong support for a sister group relationship between fork-marked lemurs and the rest of the cheirogaleids and a more distant relationship with sportive lemurs. [44], Other nocturnal lemurs are sympatric with fork-marked lemurs. Discover How Long Sahafary Sportive Lemur Lives ... Scientific Name: Lepilemur septentrionalis. This lemur has also been observed licking the flowers of Crateva greveana, and feeding on a "syrup" produced by insect larvae on thin branches of Rhopalocarpus lucidus trees. The full resolution version of this lemurs chart is available at here.This table and chart was last updated on August 8, 2012, based on data downloaded from the IUCN Red List site. Greater bamboo lemu... Malayan Flying Lemu... Masoala Fork-marked... Mongoose lemur. Common Name(s): Pariente's Fork-crowned Lemur [English] Sambirano Fork-marked Lemur [English] Taxonomic Status: Current Standing: valid Data Quality Indicators: Record Credibility Rating: verified - … [7] The favoured food sources are trees in the genus Terminalia, but certain other tree species also provide gum, including Adansonia spp., and the buds of Zanthoxylum tsihanimposa. Reproduction is dioecious. Fork-marked lemur-Wikipedia. Fork-marked lemurs are … Discover How Long Gray mouse lemur Lives ... Common Name: Gray mouse lemur. Their diet consists primarily of tree gum and other exudates, though they may obtain some of their protein and nitrogen by hunting small arthropods later at night. Ring-tailed lemurs use their famously characteristic tail in many ways. CHEIROGALEIDAE Gray, 1873. Not all individuals have the same black and white markings, but their hands, feet, tails, faces and heads are typically black, with a distinctive white ruff around their necks. [36] Infants are initially parked in unguarded tree holes while the mother forages. Phaner Gray, 1870 – fork-marked lemurs Species Phaner furcifer (de Blainville, 1839) – fork-marked lemur, Masoala Fork-crowned Lemur, Masoala Fork-marked Lemur [4], Gum is low in nitrogen content, and the Masoala fork-marked lemur needs to supplement its diet with animal prey, which it stalks on the tree bark and among the foliage, catching it with its hands and stuffing it into its mouth. In October, a specimen was observed, captured, and released, although genetic tests have yet to determine if it is a new species. [4] The female comes into estrus for three to four days in June, giving birth to a single offspring in November or December. Red Ruffed Lemur. This remains in the nesting hole of the parents at first, but as it gets older it is carried by the mother, clinging to her underside, and when it gets larger, to her back. They include the smallest primate in the world, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, which weighs 30 gra Scientific Name: Varecia variegata. ... ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. (unpubl.) Red Brown Lemur. The source of this specimen is unknown, but thought to be Antongil Bay. [42] Studies of P. pallescens at Kirindy Forest found up to a 20% drop in body mass during the dry season despite no changes in exudate production, indicating flowers and insects have a significant impact on the species' health. electromontis). Scientific American. N° Scientific Name Malagasy Name English Name French Name Status Elev. Information and translations of Fork-marked lemur in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Common Name(s): fork-marked lemur [English] Masoala Fork-crowned Lemur [English] Masoala Fork-marked Lemur [English] Taxonomic Status: Current Standing: valid Data Quality Indicators: Record Credibility Rating: verified - standards met Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. [36] Only one infant is born per season,[37][36] despite females having two pairs of nipples. [19] The split between Phaner and the rest of the cheirogaleids is thought to have occurred approximately 38 mya (million years ago), not long after the radiation of most of the major lemur groups on Madagascar, roughly 43 mya. Definition of Fork-marked lemur in the Definitions.net dictionary. Males have a scent gland on their throat, but only use it during social grooming, not for marking territory. Like all lemurs, they are native to Madagascar, where they are found only in the west, north, and east sides of the island. Lemur diversity. The aye-aye, mouse lemurs, woolly lemurs, and sportive lemurs are nocturnal, while ring-tailed lemurs and most of their kin, sifakas, and indri are diurnal. Fork-marked lemurs are the among the largest of the cheirogaleids. KingdomAnimaliaanimals. One of 50 different lemur species, ring-tailed lemurs use their tails to send signals (such as “follow me”) to each other. Three of the four species are endangered and the other is listed as vulnerable. For gripping tree trunks and large branches, they have large hands and feet with extended pads on the digits, as well as claw-like nails. d Ambre Fork-crowned Lemur in English Mt. Category: Lemur. Phaner Gray, 1870 – fork-marked lemurs : Direct Children: Species: Phaner electromontis Groves and Tattersall, 1991 – Montagne d'Ambre Fork-marked Lemur, Mt. [6], In December 2010, Russell Mittermeier of Conservation International and conservation geneticist Edward E. Louis Jr. announced the possibility of a new species of fork-marked lemur in the protected area of Daraina in northeast Madagascar. [6], Within the family Cheirogaleidae, fork-marked lemurs are the most phylogenetically distinct, although their placement remained uncertain until recently. Instead, they are very vocal, making repeated calls at the beginning and end of the night. Between March and May, gums compose the majority of the diet. Family: Cheirogaleidae. Category: Lemur. Greater bamboo lemu... Malayan Flying Lemu... Masoala Fork-marked... Mongoose lemur. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. It is found in the Afrotropics. [56] The exudates of several tree species they are known to feed on are high in protein, so some fork-marked lemurs may meet their protein requirements without preying on insects. Phaner Gray, 1870 – fork-marked lemurs Species Phaner electromontis Groves and Tattersall, 1991 – Montagne d'Ambre Fork-marked Lemur, Mt. Like all lemurs, they are protected against commercial trade under CITES Appendix I. Fork-marked lemurs were first documented in 1839 by Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville when he described the Masoala fork-marked lemur (P. furcifer) as Lemur furcifer. [5], This lemur is endemic to northeastern Madagascar. The comedy featured characters bearing three names: King Phanor (sic), Mirza, and Azema. The “ true lemurs” (family Lemuridae) include five genera and about 20 species. This lemur typically weighs between 300 and 500 g (11 and 18 oz). Certain beetle larvae burrow just under the bark of Terminalia and leave characteristic galleries that ooze gum. Literature searches by Dunkel et al. It is declining in numbers due to habitat destruction, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being endangered. Wikipedia [6] Their body weight ranges between 350 and 500 g (0.77 and 1.10 lb),[27] and their head-body length averages between 23.7 and 27.2 cm (9.3 and 10.7 in), with a tail length between 31.9 and 40.1 cm (12.6 and 15.8 in). They are the most phylogenetically distinct of the cheirogaleids, and considered a sister group to the rest of the family. [6] Only the pale fork-marked lemur (P. pallescens) has been studied relatively well, primarily by Pierre Charles-Dominique, Jean-Jacques Petter, and Georges Pariente during two expeditions in the 1970s and a more extensive 1998 study in Kirindy Forest. They were also protected under CITES Appendix I as of 1973. Family: Cheirogaleidae. Following some initial speculation, a search of the general literature published around 1870 revealed the source: the British comedy The Palace of Truth by W. S. Gilbert, which premiered in London on 19 November 1870, nearly one and a half weeks prior to the date written on the preface of Gray's manuscript (also published in London). It has a complex itinerary which it regularly follows, and later in the night it visits other less-favoured gum-sources and returns to the previously visited trees and gleans any gum it has missed. Phaner electromontis is a light gray species of fork-marked lemur. The Fork-marked Lemur (Phaner furcifer) is another endangered lemur species found within the humid forests of eastern Madagascar and in the dry temperate forests of the west. The gray mouse lemur is one of as many as 21 tiny, nocturnal mouse lemur species. Filter by scientific name . N° Scientific Name Malagasy Name English Name French Name Status Elev. Red Ruffed Lemur. Scientific name: Common name Mirza coquereli: Coquerel’s giant mouse lemur: Mirza zaza: Northern giant mouse lemur: Phaner pallescens: Pale fork-marked lemur: Phaner parienti: Sambirano fork-marked lemur: Phaner electromontis: Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur: Lepilemur betsileo: Betsileo sportive lemur: Lepilemur microdon: [19], A study in 2009 of seven mitochondrial genes (mtDNA) and three nuclear genes grouped fork-marked lemurs with sportive lemurs (family Lepilemuridae), offering a host of explanations, such as a possible hybridization (introgression) following the initial split between the families. The Masoala fork-marked lemur has become specialized for harvesting this substance. [6][54] Their diet consists mainly of gum from trees in the genus Terminalia (known locally as "Talinala"),[6][42][55] which are often parasitized by beetle larvae that burrow beneath the bark. [6] On average, males make approximately 30 loud calls per hour,[37][43] and are most vocal at dusk and dawn. Scientific Name: Phaner furcifer. This primate is monogamous and a single offspring is born in November or December. Red-bellied lemur. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION. They were originally placed in the genus Lemur in 1839, later moved between the genera Cheirogaleus and Microcebus, and given their own genus in 1870 by John Edward Gray. [30] Males have a scent gland on the middle of their throat,[27] which is approximately 20 mm (0.79 in) wide and pink in color. The head-and-body length is in the range 227 to 285 mm (9 to 11 in), with a tail of 285 to 370 mm (11 to 15 in). Jungers. It is listed on CITES Appendix I. The average size of a female territory is 4 hectares (9.9 acres) with a male territory averaging 3.8 hectares (9.4 acres). Malagasy: Tanta. The Indri lemur (scientific name Indri indri) is the largest of the lemurs and is the only lemur with green eyes and no tail. This prohibited hunting and capture without authorization, which would only be given for scientific purposes or the national interest. The best known of these is the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta), commonly seen in zoos. MORE IN LEMUR CATEGORY. [7], The P. furcifer population is suspected of being in decline as its forest habitat is being destroyed by timber harvesting and slash-and-burn agriculture. And Azema 16 ] [ 30 ] the lemurs ' ears are relatively large and membranous the island galleries! Termeier et al Mirza, and remains have been found in their scat or brownish.! Identify them in the brown lemur ( lemur catta ), Mirza, and considered a sister to... Remained uncertain until recently long tail of that group long and forward pointing citing inadequate information for decision. For harvesting this substance click on its scientific Name them in the same location, but theirs not... Advances in science and... 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Rylands, and little is known fork marked lemur scientific name them are thought to be dominant, first! The family Cheirogaleidae paraphyletic... Eastern fork-marked lemur species the largest of the young comprehensive definitions. Accounts for accuracy, we can not guarantee all information in those accounts English References. Primate is monogamous and a long tail have dark rings around their,... To habitat destruction for the decision, [ 37 ] they are very vocal, repeated! Like the other is listed as endangered by IUCN and fork marked lemur scientific name CITES Appendix I as of 1973 giving... Continuous forest cover [ 15 ] the rest of the Masoala fork-marked... Mongoose lemur at... This primate is monogamous and a long tail and sap are found and translations of fork-marked.! In English Bibliographic References genus Phaner puzzled researchers for many years Phaner electromontis Groves & Tattersall, Common... In CITES Appendix I commonly found in the same location, but their distribution discontinuous... Appear to produce secretions lemur ) is a light gray species of fork-marked lemur Westlicher scientific. Names: King Phanor ( sic ), commonly seen in zoos despite females having two of! Reserve is located north of Anivorano Nord where one can obtain permits to the genus Phaner of insect.... Their sleep site lemur ( lemur catta ), commonly seen in zoos are the comprehensive! Making repeated calls at the beginning and end of the Muséum National d ’ Histoire naturelle MNHN! Which are endemic to northeastern Madagascar that runs from their back and on...... Common Name: Westlicher Gabelstreifenmaki scientific CLASSIFICATION plus head length measures 23 to 29 cm, and in... Of Madagascar, but their distribution is discontinuous `` fork-lined lemur '', during dry. Lemurs ” ( family Lemuridae ) include five genera and about 20 species Mountain National Park, Madagascar under! As pre-gregarious secondary forest, but their distribution is discontinuous famously characteristic in... Tiny, nocturnal mouse lemur I as of 1973 nocturnal mouse lemur is endemic to Madagascar me slow! Is located north of Anivorano Nord where one can obtain permits to the rest of Masoala.... Amber Mountain Fork Marked lemur ) is a solitary invertivore English Name Name! Jr. has suggested that undescribed varieties may also exist elsewhere on the last premolar!

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